CREATE STAGE

Creates a user stage.

Syntax

-- Internal stage
CREATE STAGE [ IF NOT EXISTS ] <internal_stage_name>
  [ FILE_FORMAT = ( { TYPE = { CSV | PARQUET } [ formatTypeOptions ] ) } ]
  [ COPY_OPTIONS = ( copyOptions ) ]
  [ COMMENT = '<string_literal>' ]
  
-- External stage
CREATE STAGE [ IF NOT EXISTS ] <external_stage_name>
    externalStageParams
  [ FILE_FORMAT = ( { TYPE = { CSV | PARQUET } [ formatTypeOptions ] ) } ]
  [ COPY_OPTIONS = ( copyOptions ) ]
  [ COMMENT = '<string_literal>' ]

Where:

externalStageParams

AWS S3 compatible object storage services:

externalStageParams ::=
  URL = 's3://<bucket>[<path>]'
  CONNECTION = (
        ENDPOINT_URL = 'https://<endpoint-URL>'
        ACCESS_KEY_ID = '<your-access-key-ID>'
        SECRET_ACCESS_KEY = '<your-secret-access-key>'
        REGION = '<region-name>'
        ENABLE_VIRTUAL_HOST_STYLE = true|false
  )

Parameter	Description	Required
URL	External files located at the AWS S3 compatible object storage.	Optional
ENDPOINT_URL	The bucket endpoint URL starting with "https://". To use a URL starting with "http://", set allow_insecure to true in the [storage] block of the file databend-query-node.toml.	Optional
ACCESS_KEY_ID	Your access key ID for connecting the AWS S3 compatible object storage. If not provided, Databend will access the bucket anonymously.	Optional
SECRET_ACCESS_KEY	Your secret access key for connecting the AWS S3 compatible object storage.	Optional
REGION	AWS region name. For example, us-east-1.	Optional
ENABLE_VIRTUAL_HOST_STYLE	If you use virtual hosting to address the bucket, set it to "true".	Optional

Azure Blob storage：

externalStageParams ::=
  URL = 'azblob://<container>[<path>]'
  CONNECTION = (
        ENDPOINT_URL = 'https://<endpoint-URL>'
        ACCOUT_NAME = '<your-account-name>'
        ACCOUNT_KEY = '<your-account-key>'
  )

Parameter	Description	Required
URL	External files located at the Azure Blob storage.	Required
ENDPOINT_URL	The container endpoint URL starting with "https://". To use a URL starting with "http://", set allow_insecure to true in the [storage] block of the file databend-query-node.toml.	Optional
ACCOUNT_NAME	Your account name for connecting the Azure Blob storage. If not provided, Databend will access the container anonymously.	Optional
ACCOUNT_KEY	Your account key for connecting the Azure Blob storage.	Optional

formatTypeOptions

formatTypeOptions ::=
  RECORD_DELIMITER = '<character>' 
  FIELD_DELIMITER = '<character>' 
  SKIP_HEADER = <integer>

Parameters	Description	Required
RECORD_DELIMITER = '<character>'	One characters that separate records in an input file. Default '\n'	Optional
FIELD_DELIMITER = '<character>'	One characters that separate fields in an input file. Default ','	Optional
SKIP_HEADER = <integer>	Number of lines at the start of the file to skip. Default 0	Optional

copyOptions

copyOptions ::=
  [ SIZE_LIMIT = <num> ]

Parameters	Description	Required
SIZE_LIMIT = <num>	Number (> 0) that specifies the maximum rows of data to be loaded for a given COPY statement. Default 0	Optional

Examples

Internal Stages

CREATE STAGE my_internal_stage;

External Stages

CREATE STAGE my_s3_stage url='s3://load/files/' connection=(aws_key_id='1a2b3c' aws_secret_key='4x5y6z');

DESC STAGE my_s3_stage;
+-------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+
| name        | stage_type | stage_params                                                                                                                                                           | copy_options                                  | file_format_options                                                                                                | comment |
+-------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+
| my_s3_stage | External   | StageParams { storage: S3(StageS3Storage { bucket: "load", path: "/files/", credentials_aws_key_id: "", credentials_aws_secret_key: "", encryption_master_key: "" }) } | CopyOptions { on_error: None, size_limit: 0 } | FileFormatOptions { format: Csv, skip_header: 0, field_delimiter: ",", record_delimiter: "\n", compression: None } |         |
+-------------+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+---------+